prune
PROON
/pruːn/
To cut off branches or parts of a plant to improve growth, fruitfulness, or shape.
Implies selective, purposeful cutting for the health of the plant, rather than random hacking or clearing.
The story behind the word. The verb prune comes from the Old French 'proignier', which meant to cut back vines. This was derived from Vulgar Latin 'pro-retundare' (to round off or cut back). The noun 'prune' (dried plum) is etymologically unrelated, coming from Latin 'prunum'.
Word relationships
- trim: Trim implies neatening the outer appearance, while prune implies deep, structural cutting for health and growth.
- lop: Lop suggests a rougher, less precise cutting off of large branches.
Commonly confused with
- shear: Shearing cuts flat surfaces (like hedges), while pruning targets individual branches.
Word family
- pruning (noun): The act of trimming or cutting branches.
- pruner (noun): A tool or person that prunes.
Collocations
- prune back
- prune heavily
- pruning shears
Example sentences
- "It is essential to prune the peach trees in late winter before the buds break." Orchard maintenance manual
- "The company had to prune its budget to remain profitable during the recession." Business metaphor
Memory hook
Prune the plant to make it look neat and groomed, like a professional haircut. Prune to promote growth.
When not to use
Do not use when referring to clear-cutting land or mowing grass.
Fun facts
- If you do not prune grapevines, they will produce massive amounts of leaves and tiny, sour grapes because the plant's energy is spread too thin.
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