abstract

AB-strakt /ˈæb.strækt/
adjectivenounverbB2SATGRETOEFLIELTS
academicartisticgeneral

Existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence; in art, not attempting to represent external reality.

In art, 'abstract' specifically means using shapes, colors, and forms to achieve its effect rather than recognizable objects.

The story behind the word. From the Latin 'abstrahere,' meaning 'to pull away.' Abstract art 'pulls away' from the literal appearance of things to focus on their essence.

Word relationships

  • theoretical: Theoretical implies something that hasn't been proven; abstract implies something that isn't physical.
  • conceptual: Conceptual focuses on the 'idea' behind something, often used in 'conceptual art'.
  • concrete: Concrete things are physical and can be touched or seen directly.
  • representational: Representational art looks like the real world.

Commonly confused with

  • abstruse: Abstruse means difficult to understand; abstract means non-physical.

Word family

  • abstraction (noun): The quality of dealing with ideas rather than events.

Collocations

  • abstract art
  • abstract thought
  • abstract reasoning

Example sentences

  • "Kandinsky is often credited with creating the first purely abstract painting, consisting only of lines and splashes of color." Describing a painting.
  • "Justice is an abstract concept that is difficult to define in purely physical terms." Describing a concept.

Memory hook

Think of a 'tractor' (from the same root 'trahere'). A tractor 'pulls' things. Abstract 'pulls' the meaning 'away' from the object. Pulled away from reality.

When not to use

Don't confuse with 'vague'. An abstract idea can be very precise, even if it isn't concrete.

Fun facts

  • In the early 20th century, abstract art was so controversial that it was often banned by totalitarian regimes who preferred 'socialist realism'.
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