mitigate

MIT-uh-gayt /ˈmɪtɪɡeɪt/
verbC1GREGMATIELTS
formallegaltechnical

To make less severe, serious, or painful.

Used for circumstances, risks, or physical effects. You don't mitigate a person; you mitigate the damage or the punishment.

The story behind the word. From the Latin 'mitigare', meaning to make mild. It originally referred to making soil softer for farming or making fruit more mellow.

Word relationships

  • alleviate: Alleviate is often used for physical pain; mitigate is more common for risks and legal penalties.
  • aggravate: Aggravate means to make a bad situation even worse.

Commonly confused with

  • militate: Militate (usually 'militate against') means to work against something; mitigate means to soften something.

Word family

  • mitigation (noun): The action of reducing the severity of something.

Collocations

  • mitigate the risk
  • mitigating circumstances
  • mitigate the impact

Example sentences

  • "Drainage schemes have helped to mitigate the effects of the floods." Environmental science.

Memory hook

Mitigate: Think of a 'Mitt' (glove) that softens the impact of a fast-moving ball. The 'mitt' softens the hit.

When not to use

Do not use this to describe calming an angry person directly; use 'placate' for that.

Fun facts

  • In law, 'mitigating circumstances' are facts that don't excuse a crime but might result in a lighter sentence.

Related words

mollify, assuage

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