arithmetic
uh-RITH-muh-tik
/əˈrɪθmətɪk/
The branch of mathematics dealing with non-negative real numbers and operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
Covers basic computation, distinguished from higher branch topics like algebra or calculus.
The story behind the word. From Greek 'arithmetike techne', meaning 'the art of counting', from 'arithmos' (number). It was considered one of the seven classical liberal arts in medieval universities.
Word relationships
- computation: Computation can refer to machine processes, whereas arithmetic is the specific math discipline.
Commonly confused with
- mathematics: Mathematics is the broad umbrella discipline; arithmetic is its most fundamental branch.
Word family
- arithmetical (adjective): Relating to arithmetic.
- arithmetician (noun): A specialist in arithmetic.
Collocations
- mental arithmetic
- basic arithmetic
- arithmetic mean
- arithmetic progression
Example sentences
- "Before students learn algebra, they must establish a firm foundation in mental arithmetic." Primary School Curriculum
- "In Hard Times, Charles Dickens satirized schools that reduced human affection to cold, mechanical arithmetic." Literature Classic
Memory hook
A-RITH-metic: RHYTHM of numbers. The art of basic counting.
When not to use
Do not use for advanced abstract structural mathematics.
Fun facts
- In medieval Europe, arithmetic was part of the 'Quadrivium' alongside geometry, music, and astronomy.
Related words
Explore more words
Algebra, Mathematics, Calculus, Geometry, zero-sum, algorithmic
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