disparate

DIS-puh-rit /ˈdɪs.pər.ət/
adjectiveC1GRESATGMATCAT
academicformallegal

Essentially different in kind; not allowing comparison.

Used in law ('disparate impact') to describe policies that appear neutral on paper but produce vastly different results for different groups.

The story behind the word. From Latin 'dispar' meaning 'unequal' or 'unlike' (from 'dis-' + 'par', equal, as in 'par' for golf or 'peer'). It entered English in the 16th century to describe items so fundamentally different that they couldn't even be placed in the same category.

Word relationships

  • distinct: Distinct means clearly separate, whereas disparate highlights fundamental difference or incompatibility.
  • divergent: Divergent means moving apart in direction, while disparate means fundamentally different in nature.
  • homogeneous: Homogeneous means uniform and composed of identical parts.
  • similar: Similar means sharing common characteristics.

Commonly confused with

  • desperate: Desperate means feeling hopeless or extreme despair; disparate means fundamentally different in kind.

Word family

  • disparity (noun): A great difference or inequality.
  • disparately (adverb): In a disparate manner.

Collocations

  • disparate impact
  • disparate elements
  • disparate outcomes
  • disparate treatment

Example sentences

  • "The lawsuit alleged that the industrial zoning rule had a disparate impact on minority neighborhoods." Civil Rights Law journal
  • "The research team combined disparate data sources, including satellite imagery and community health records." Environmental data analysis

Memory hook

DIS-PAR-ATE = DIS (not) PAR (equal). Not on the same par. Fundamentally different; not on par.

When not to use

Pronounced 'DIS-puh-rit', not 'dis-PAIR-it'. Do not use to mean 'desperate' (hopeless).

Fun facts

  • In US Supreme Court jurisprudence, 'disparate impact' doctrine allows plaintiffs to prove discrimination without needing to prove malicious intent.
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