exonerate

ig-ZAHN-uh-rayt /ɪɡˈzɑː.nə.reɪt/
verbC1GRESATCATUPSC
formallegal

To officially clear someone from blame, guilt, or responsibility for a fault or crime.

Exonerate implies a full, definitive declaration of innocence, often through clear new evidence.

The story behind the word. From Latin 'exonerare', meaning 'to unburden or unload' (from 'ex-' off + 'onus' burden). Literally, to exonerate someone is to lift a heavy burden of accusation off their shoulders.

Word relationships

  • vindicate: Vindicate means proving someone was right or justified, whereas exonerate emphasizes clearing from criminal guilt or fault.
  • acquit: Acquit is a formal jury verdict of 'not guilty' in trial; exonerate means proven innocent, often after conviction.
  • incriminate: Incriminate means to present evidence showing guilt.
  • convict: Convict means to formally declare guilty in court.

Commonly confused with

  • pardon: Exonerate establishes that the person was innocent and wrongly blamed; a pardon forgives the penalty for an offense without necessarily proving innocence.

Word family

  • exoneration (noun): The act of officially clearing someone of guilt.
  • exonerative (adjective): Tending or serving to exonerate.

Collocations

  • fully exonerate
  • exonerate completely
  • exonerated by DNA
  • exonerate from blame

Idioms & expressions

  • exonerate from all charges

Example sentences

  • "New DNA evidence was sufficient to completely exonerate the man after twenty years of wrongful imprisonment." Forensic science result
  • "The independent inquiry exonerated the officers of all accusations of professional misconduct." Official investigation

Memory hook

EX-ONER-ate = Lift the ONUS (burden) EX (out) off of someone. Exonerate = Remove the burden of guilt.

When not to use

Do not use if someone is merely let off on a technicality; exoneration implies innocence of wrongdoing.

Fun facts

  • The Innocence Project has used DNA evidence to exonerate over 375 wrongfully convicted individuals in the United States since 1992.

Related words

absolve, expunge, pardon

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