warrant

WOR-uhnt /ˈwɒrənt/
nounverbB2IELTSTOEFLGRE
formallegal

A judicial document authorizing law enforcement to make an arrest or search premises.

Requires probable cause and signature by a neutral judicial officer.

The story behind the word. Warrant comes from Frankish 'warand', meaning protection or guarantee. In medieval feudal law, a warrant protected the holder from legal liability when executing an order on behalf of the crown.

Word relationships

  • authorization: Authorization is broad, whereas a warrant is specifically a judicial legal document.
  • mandate: A mandate is an official command, not necessarily a judicial order to search or arrest.
  • prohibition: A prohibition forbids an action, whereas a warrant legally authorizes it.

Commonly confused with

  • subpoena: A warrant authorizes police to search or arrest; a subpoena commands a witness to appear or present documents.

Word family

  • warranted (adjective): Justified, necessary, or officially authorized
  • unwarranted (adjective): Lacking justification, fairness, or legal basis

Collocations

  • search warrant
  • arrest warrant
  • issue a warrant
  • execute a warrant

Idioms & expressions

  • warranting attention

Example sentences

  • "The judge signed a search warrant permitting police to enter the suspect's residence." Court authorization
  • "The minor infraction did not warrant such a severe penalty from the board." General justification

Memory hook

A WARRANT WARNS that officers hold judicial authorization. Judicial guarantee of authority.

When not to use

Do not confuse with a simple commercial permit or administrative license.

Fun facts

  • The French word 'garantie' (guarantee) shares the exact same medieval Germanic root as 'warrant'.

Related words

arrest, subpoena, seizure

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