probation

proh-BAY-shun /proʊˈbeɪʃən/
nounB2SATTOEFL
legalinstitutional

A period of supervision over an offender ordered by a court instead of serving time in prison.

Occurs INSTEAD of prison time (or as part of a suspended sentence); contrasts with parole, which occurs AFTER serving prison time.

The story behind the word. From Latin 'probatio' (testing or approval), derived from 'probare' (to prove). Probation is literally a period during which an individual must 'prove' good behavior.

Word relationships

  • conditional release: 'Conditional release' is a broad term encompassing both probation and parole.
  • incarceration: 'Incarceration' means immediate physical imprisonment.

Commonly confused with

  • parole: Probation is serving a sentence under supervision in the community BEFORE or INSTEAD of jail; parole is release AFTER serving jail time.

Word family

  • probationary (adjective): Relating to a process or period of testing and supervision.
  • probationer (noun): A person on probation.

Collocations

  • placed on probation
  • probation officer
  • violate probation
  • probation period

Example sentences

  • "Because it was her first minor offense, the judge granted two years of supervised probation." Criminal sentencing
  • "New recruits must complete a three-month probation period before receiving full permanent contracts." Employment context

Memory hook

PROBATION is a PROVING period to prove you can stay out of jail. PROBATION = PROVE good behavior.

When not to use

Do not use 'probation' when referring to release after prison; that is 'parole'.

Fun facts

  • The modern probation system was created in 1841 by John Augustus, a Boston shoemaker who volunteered to supervise minor offenders.

Explore more words

parole, trial, clemency, rehabilitation

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