pollutant

puh-LOO-tuhnt /pəˈluː.tənt/
nounB2IELTSTOEFLSAT
generalscientific

A substance that introduces harmful or poisonous effects into the natural environment.

Broad category term for any agent—chemical, thermal, or physical—that degrades environmental ecosystems.

The story behind the word. From Latin 'polluere', meaning 'to defile or soil'. The noun suffix '-ant' designates the specific agent causing the defilement.

Word relationships

  • contaminant: Contaminant emphasizes making a specific substance impure, while pollutant emphasizes widespread environmental damage.
  • toxin: Toxin specifically implies biological or chemical poison, whereas pollutant can include non-chemical harms like thermal heat or noise.
  • purifier: Agent that cleanses contaminants.

Commonly confused with

  • pollution: Pollution is the general process or state of contamination; a pollutant is the specific chemical or physical substance that causes it.

Word family

  • pollute (verb): To make land, water, or air dirty or harmful.
  • pollution (noun): The presence or introduction into the environment of harmful substances.

Collocations

  • air pollutant
  • chemical pollutant
  • harmful pollutant

Example sentences

  • "Sulfur dioxide is a major atmospheric pollutant produced by coal-fired power plants." Air quality report
  • "The treaty aims to limit the release of persistent organic pollutants into global waterways." Conservation policy

Memory hook

POLLUT-ant: the AGENT that POLLUTES. The specific chemical ruining nature's balance.

When not to use

Do not use for moral or behavioral corruption; reserve for environmental contaminants.

Fun facts

  • Noise and light can legally be classified as pollutants under environmental protection statutes!

Related words

contaminant, toxic, effluent

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