withdrawn

with-DRAWN /wɪðˈdrɔːn/
adjectiveB2TOEFLIELTS
neutral

Not wanting to communicate with other people; emotionally detached and quiet due to sadness, shock, or natural inclination.

Often implies retreat caused by psychological hurt, stress, or self-protection.

The story behind the word. A native English compound formed from with- (meaning 'away' or 'back') and drawn (pulled). A withdrawn person has literally pulled their inner emotional life back into themselves.

Word relationships

  • introverted: A natural temperament, whereas withdrawn often implies an active retreat from interaction.
  • distant: Focuses on the perception of emotional coldness by others.
  • engaged: Fully involved and emotionally present with others.
  • communicative: Eager and open to speaking.

Commonly confused with

  • retiring: Retiring is a gentle preference for modesty, while withdrawn often points to emotional retreat caused by stress or pain.

Word family

  • withdraw (verb): To remove or pull back from social contact or a position.
  • withdrawal (noun): The act of pulling back or isolating oneself.

Collocations

  • become withdrawn
  • emotionally withdrawn
  • quiet and withdrawn
  • increasingly withdrawn

Idioms & expressions

  • retreat into one's shell
  • pull back into oneself

Example sentences

  • "After hearing the distressing news, the student became unusually withdrawn and stopped participating in class." Psychological assessment
  • "Noticeably withdrawn during dinner, he answered questions with single words and avoided eye contact." Observing interpersonal changes

Memory hook

WITHDRAWN = Money withdrawn from a bank is taken OUT of circulation, just like a withdrawn person. Taken out of social circulation.

When not to use

Avoid using for people who are vibrant and engaged, even if they speak softly.

Fun facts

  • In military terminology, 'withdrawn' refers to forces pulling back from combat, parallel to how a person pulls back from social stress.

Related words

reserved, reclusive

Explore more words

withdraw

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