velocity

vuh-LOS-i-tee /vəˈlɒsɪti/
nounC1GRESAT
TechnicalScientific

The speed of something in a given direction.

Unlike 'speed,' velocity is a vector, meaning it requires a direction.

The story behind the word. From the Latin 'velox,' meaning swift. While 'speed' is just how fast you go, 'velocity' is speed with a specific destination in mind. It entered English in the late Middle Ages as a term for rapid motion.

Word relationships

  • speed: Speed is a scalar (how fast); velocity is a vector (how fast and in what direction).
  • tempo: Tempo refers to the speed of music or a repeated activity.
  • slowness: The quality of moving at a low speed.

Commonly confused with

  • speed: Velocity includes direction; speed does not.

Word family

  • velocities (noun): Plural form of velocity.

Collocations

  • terminal velocity
  • high velocity
  • escape velocity

Example sentences

  • "Velocity is the rate of change of position of an object with respect to time." A physics textbook.
  • "The velocity of the puck was clocked at over 100 mph as it flew toward the net." Describing a hockey shot.

Memory hook

Velocity = Vector (Speed + Direction). Velocity = Very fast Speed.

When not to use

Do not use in casual conversation when 'speed' suffices, unless direction is relevant.

Fun facts

  • Terminal velocity is the constant speed that a freely falling object eventually reaches.
  • Light travels at a constant velocity in a vacuum of approximately 299,792,458 meters per second.

Related words

momentum, glide

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