Motion

MOH-shun /ˈmoʊʃən/
nounB1
formaltechnicalgeneral

The action or process of moving or being moved.

In physics, motion is described in terms of displacement, distance, velocity, acceleration, time, and speed. It's always relative to a frame of reference.

The story behind the word. The word 'Motion' traces its roots back to the Latin verb 'movere', meaning 'to move'. From 'movere' came 'motio', meaning 'a moving, a motion'. This Latin term passed into Old French as 'motion' and then into Middle English, retaining its core meaning of changing position. It's a word that perfectly captures the essence of change and dynamism.

Word relationships

  • movement: Often interchangeable, but 'motion' can imply a more continuous or systematic change of position, while 'movement' can be more general or discrete.
  • kinetics: Kinetics is the study of motion and its causes, not the motion itself.
  • stillness: The absence of motion.
  • rest: A state of not moving or being active.

Commonly confused with

  • Velocity: Motion is the general act of moving; velocity is a specific measure of motion, including speed and direction.

Word family

  • motional (adjective): relating to motion
  • motivate (verb): to provide with a motive for action
  • motor (noun): a machine that produces motion or power

Collocations

  • perpetual motion
  • laws of motion
  • relative motion
  • in motion
  • range of motion

Idioms & expressions

  • go through the motions
  • set in motion
  • make a motion

Example sentences

  • "Newton's laws of motion describe how objects move under the influence of forces." Describing a fundamental physical concept.
  • "The planets are in constant motion around the sun, following elliptical orbits." Observing a natural phenomenon.
  • "The continuous motion of the conveyor belt ensured a steady flow of products." In a mechanical context.

Memory hook

Think of a 'MOtion' picture, which is a series of images in 'MOtion'. Moving around

When not to use

While 'motion' can refer to a formal proposal (as in 'motion to adjourn'), this is a distinct meaning from the physical concept. Ensure context clarifies.

Fun facts

  • The concept of perpetual motion, a machine that could run forever without an external energy source, is a classic scientific impossibility.
  • Galileo Galilei's experiments with falling objects were crucial in understanding the laws of motion.
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