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exposition

ek-spuh-ZISH-uhn /ˌek.spəˈzɪʃ.ən/

nounC1GRESATAP Literature

academicliterary

The insertion of background information within a story, explaining setting, character backstories, or prior plot events.

Good exposition feels natural to the narrative; clumsy 'exposition dumps' interrupt the story's dramatic momentum.

The story behind the word. From Latin 'expositio', from 'exponere' ('to put out, set forth' — from 'ex-' out + 'ponere' to place). It literally means setting forth the facts into plain view.

Word relationships

backstory: Refers specifically to historical events prior to the story rather than general explanatory text.
explanation: A general word that lacks specific application to narrative craft.

climax: The peak action point of a story where backstory gives way to immediate dynamic resolution.

Commonly confused with

foreshadowing: Exposition looks back to explain prior context; foreshadowing looks forward to hint at future events.

Word family

expository (adjective): Intended to explain or describe something.
expose (verb): To reveal or lay open.

Collocations

clumsy exposition
opening exposition
expository passage
heavy exposition

Idioms & expressions

exposition dump

Example sentences

"The opening chapter provides essential exposition regarding the political turmoil that triggered the war." Screenwriting Analysis

Memory hook

EXPOSing the background — laying out essential backstory for the reader. Setting forth the facts so the story makes sense.

When not to use

Do not confuse narrative exposition with a commercial exposition (trade fair/expo), though both share the root meaning of 'exhibiting'.

Fun facts

Screenwriters call heavy-handed exposition 'As You Know, Bob' dialogue, where two characters explain things to each other solely for the audience's benefit.