reciprocity

res-uh-PROS-i-tee /ˌresɪˈprɒsəti/
nounC1GREGMAT
formalacademiclegal

The practice of exchanging things with others for mutual benefit, especially privileges granted by one country or organization to another.

Implies a 'tit-for-tat' or 'you scratch my back, I'll scratch yours' relationship.

The story behind the word. From 're-' (back) and 'pro-' (forward). It describes a motion that goes back and forth, like the tide or a swinging pendulum.

Word relationships

  • mutuality: Mutuality is the state of sharing a feeling or relation; reciprocity is the active exchange of actions or favors.
  • unilateralism: The policy of taking action without the agreement or cooperation of others.

Commonly confused with

  • retaliation: Retaliation is reciprocity's 'evil twin'—returning a harm for a harm, rather than a benefit for a benefit.

Word family

  • reciprocate (verb): To respond to a gesture or action by making a corresponding one.
  • reciprocal (adjective): Given, felt, or done in return.

Collocations

  • principle of reciprocity
  • mutual reciprocity
  • lack of reciprocity
  • reciprocity agreement

Example sentences

  • "The two nations signed a treaty based on reciprocity, allowing citizens of both countries to work across borders without visas." International relations
  • "The rule of reciprocity suggests that people feel an obligation to return a favor when someone does something for them." Social psychology

Memory hook

RECIPROCITY is like a RECIPE for a PRO-active City: everyone helps each other. Back and forth.

When not to use

Not for a one-sided gift; it must involve a return action or expectation of one.

Fun facts

  • In mathematics, the reciprocal of a number is what you multiply it by to get 1 (e.g., the reciprocal of 2 is 1/2).

Related words

negotiate, mediation

LangBlitz
Take your vocabulary further with LangBlitz

Our English vocabulary app: FSRS spaced repetition, 5,000+ curated words across 119 topic groups, CEFR A1 to C2. Explore your mastery with the beautiful Vocabulary World feature.