extrapolate
ik-STRAP-uh-layt
/ɪkˈstræpəleɪt/
To estimate or conclude something by assuming that existing trends will continue or that a method will remain applicable.
Involves extending data points outside an observed range, carrying an inherent risk of assumption error.
The story behind the word. Coined in the 19th century by combining 'extra-' (beyond) with the pattern of 'interpolate' (to alter or insert between).
Word relationships
- project: 'Project' suggests looking forward; 'extrapolate' stresses calculating based on known math models.
- infer: 'Infer' is broader and can be based on logic; 'extrapolate' specifically extends existing data patterns.
- interpolate: Interpolate estimates unknown values within the bounds of existing data.
Commonly confused with
- interpolate: Extrapolate projects outside known data points; interpolate calculates values inside known data points.
Word family
- extrapolation (noun): The act of estimating by extending known data.
Collocations
- extrapolate trends
- extrapolate from data
- extrapolate results
- extrapolate into the future
Example sentences
- "Demographers extrapolate current growth trends to predict metropolitan housing needs for 2050." Demographic forecasting
- "It is risky to extrapolate nationwide outcomes from a single small sample survey." Policy planning
Memory hook
EXTRA (beyond) + POLATE (pole/line) = extending the line beyond known points. Project beyond the known.
When not to use
Do not use when calculating known data values within an existing set (that is interpolation).
Fun facts
- Extrapolating climate trends too far into the future without accounting for policy changes often produces wild errors.
Related words
Explore more words
projection, forecast, predict, Forecasting, speculate, overestimate
Take your vocabulary further with LangBlitz
Our English vocabulary app: FSRS spaced repetition, 5,000+ curated words across 119 topic groups, CEFR A1 to C2. Explore your mastery with the beautiful Vocabulary World feature.