encryption
en-KRIP-shun
/ɛnˈkrɪpʃən/
The process of converting information or data into a code to prevent unauthorized access.
Converts readable plaintext into unreadable ciphertext using mathematical algorithms and secret keys.
The story behind the word. Built from the prefix 'en-' (into) and the Greek root 'kryptos', meaning hidden or concealed (which also gave us 'crypt' and 'cryptography'). The term gained its modern computer science meaning in the mid-20th century as telegraph and military radio systems required digital scramblers to hide tactical communications from enemies.
Word relationships
- encoding: Encoding transforms data into another format for usability or compatibility, not necessarily secrecy; encryption specifically aims at secrecy.
- ciphering: Ciphering is an older term for performing mathematical encryption algorithms.
- decryption: The process of converting encrypted ciphertext back into readable plaintext.
- plaintext: Unencoded, human-readable data.
Commonly confused with
- hashing: Encryption is a two-way function meant to be decrypted with a key; hashing is a one-way function used for verification.
Word family
- encrypt (verb): To convert data into code.
- encrypted (adjective): Encoded so as to be unreadable without a key.
Collocations
- end-to-end encryption
- data encryption
- encryption key
- strong encryption
Example sentences
- "End-to-end encryption ensures that only the sender and recipient can read the transmitted messages." Data Privacy
Memory hook
EN-CRYPT locks data in a hidden CRYPT. Locking data in a digital crypt.
When not to use
Do not use when simply hiding or disguising something physical; it refers to algorithmic encoding of data.
Fun facts
- The ancient Spartans used a device called a 'scytale'—a parchment strip wrapped around a wooden rod—as an early form of mechanical encryption in 400 BC.
Related words
Explore more words
confidentiality, data protection, Code, cybersecurity, authentication, ransomware
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