appropriation

uh-proh-pree-AY-shuhn /əˌprəʊ.priˈeɪ.ʃən/
nounC1GREGMATUPSC
formallegalgovernmental

The action of taking something for one's own use, typically without the owner's permission; in government finance, the official legislative authorization to spend public money for a specific purpose.

In fiscal law, an appropriation is the mandatory legal mechanism that legally permits executive departments to disburse government funds.

The story behind the word. From Latin 'appropriare' ('ad-' to + 'proprius' proper or one's own). Originally meaning to make something private property, it developed in parliamentary usage to mean legally setting aside specific money for an intended proper government purpose.

Word relationships

  • allocation: 'Allocation' is the general distribution or setting aside of resources; 'appropriation' is the formal legal enactment authorizing government spending.
  • earmark: An 'earmark' designates spending for a specific localized project within a larger appropriation bill.
  • deauthorization: Deauthorization revokes legally allowed funding, whereas appropriation grants official legal funding.

Commonly confused with

  • allocation: Allocation means dividing up funds; appropriation is the official law that legally authorizes those funds to be spent.

Word family

  • appropriate (verb): To legally set aside funds or take possession of something.
  • appropriated (adjective): Officially set aside for public spending.

Collocations

  • appropriation bill
  • congressional appropriation
  • budget appropriation
  • annual appropriation
  • appropriation committee

Example sentences

  • "The Senate passed the defense appropriation bill to ensure funding for naval modernization." Legislative Process
  • "Without a formal congressional appropriation, federal agencies cannot release money to contractors." Government Finance

Memory hook

Appropriation = Making funds APPROPRIATE (properly authorized) for government agencies to spend. Appropriation = Official legislative permission to spend.

When not to use

Do not confuse legislative appropriation (legal budget authorization) with cultural appropriation (adopting elements of another culture). Context easily clarifies.

Fun facts

  • The US Constitution specifies that 'No Money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Consequence of Appropriations made by Law.'

Related words

expenditure, subsidy, fiscal

LangBlitz
Take your vocabulary further with LangBlitz

Our English vocabulary app: FSRS spaced repetition, 5,000+ curated words across 119 topic groups, CEFR A1 to C2. Explore your mastery with the beautiful Vocabulary World feature.