conflagration

kahn-fluh-GRAY-shun /ˌkɒn.fləˈɡreɪ.ʃən/
nounC1GRESATTOEFL
formalliterary

An extensive and destructive fire that threatens human life and large areas of land or property.

Refers specifically to a massive, uncontrolled fire spanning across buildings or vast forests, far beyond a localized flame.

The story behind the word. Derived from Latin conflagrationem, combining com- (thoroughly) with flagrare (to burn). It originally described complete destruction of a city or forest by intense flames.

Word relationships

  • inferno: Inferno stresses intense heat and chaotic fury, while conflagration emphasizes broad geographical destruction.
  • holocaust: Holocaust carries heavy historical trauma and total destruction, whereas conflagration focuses strictly on large-scale burning.
  • spark: A spark is the smallest starting point of fire, opposite to a widespread conflagration.

Commonly confused with

  • blaze: A blaze can describe any bright or strong fire, regardless of total size, whereas a conflagration is vast and sweeping.

Word family

  • conflagrant (adjective): Burning brightly or consumed in fire.

Collocations

  • urban conflagration
  • raging conflagration
  • prevent a conflagration

Example sentences

  • "The Great Chicago Fire of 1871 remains one of the most famous urban conflagrations in American history." Historical Incident
  • "High winds converted the localized brush fire into a fast-moving wildfire conflagration." Emergency Management Report

Memory hook

Imagine giant FLAMES spreading over a FLAG hanging on a burnt skyscraper. Completely burning flag-land.

When not to use

Do not use for small fires like a campfire, a stove fire, or a contained fireplace fire.

Fun facts

  • The word is often used metaphorically in politics and diplomacy to describe wide-scale international conflicts.
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