foundation

fown-DAY-shun /faʊnˈdeɪʃən/
nounA2IELTSTOEFLSAT
GeneralTechnical

The lowest load-bearing part of a building, typically below ground level; the basis or groundwork of anything.

In engineering, it's the critical interface between the structure and the soil.

The story behind the word. From the Latin 'fundatio,' from 'fundus' meaning 'bottom' or 'base.' It is the same root found in 'profound' (deep/at the bottom).

Word relationships

  • base: Base is general; foundation implies a structural necessity that supports a load.

Commonly confused with

  • footing: A footing is a specific part of a foundation that spreads the load over the soil.

Word family

  • found (verb): To establish or originate.
  • founder (noun): A person who establishes an institution.

Collocations

  • solid foundation
  • lay the foundation
  • concrete foundation
  • shaky foundation

Idioms & expressions

  • rock-solid foundation

Example sentences

  • "The skyscraper's foundation goes deep into the bedrock to ensure stability." Construction
  • "Trust is the foundation of any healthy relationship." Philosophy

Memory hook

The foundation is found at the bottom. The bottom support.

When not to use

Don't use for the roof or upper floors.

Fun facts

  • The Leaning Tower of Pisa leans because its foundation was built on soft ground that couldn't support the weight.

Related words

infrastructure, edifice

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