drag

drag /dræɡ/
nounB1SATACTTOEFLIELTS
generaltechnical

The longitudinal retarding force exerted by air or other fluid surrounding a moving object.

In fluid dynamics, drag is the resistance force acting opposite to the relative motion of any object moving with respect to a surrounding fluid.

The story behind the word. Coming from Germanic roots meaning 'to pull' or 'to draw', the word originally described pulling a heavy sled or cart. In physics, it was adopted to describe how a fluid 'pulls back' on a moving object, slowing it down.

Word relationships

  • resistance: Resistance is a broad term for any opposing force, while drag is specifically the fluid dynamic resistance opposing motion.
  • friction: Friction occurs between solid surfaces sliding past each other, whereas drag is the resistance of a fluid medium.
  • thrust: Thrust is the forward force that propels an object, directly opposing the backward pull of drag.

Commonly confused with

  • gravity: Gravity pulls an object downward toward the earth, while drag resists an object's motion through a fluid in the opposite direction of travel.

Word family

  • drag (verb): To pull along forcefully; to experience resistance while moving.

Collocations

  • aerodynamic drag
  • reduce drag
  • drag coefficient
  • viscous drag

Example sentences

  • "By smoothing out the car's rear profile, designers managed to reduce aerodynamic drag and improve fuel efficiency." Automotive design
  • "Swimmers wear specialized, tight-fitting caps and suits to minimize drag as they glide through the water." Competitive sports

Memory hook

Think of a heavy parachute 'dragging' behind a runner, pulling them backward. Drag = Dragging a parachute behind you.

When not to use

Do not confuse with the colloquial verb 'to drag' (pulling something along the ground), though they share an origin.

Fun facts

  • Cyclists ride in tight packs (drafting) because the lead rider takes the brunt of the air drag, allowing those behind to save up to 40% of their energy.

Related words

velocity, buoyancy

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