hazard

HAZ-urd /ˈhæzəd/
nounB2TOEFLIELTSSAT
safetyscientificinsurance

A danger or risk; a potential source of harm.

A hazard is the source of danger (like a volcano), while risk is the probability that the hazard will cause harm.

The story behind the word. The word comes from the Arabic 'az-zahr' (the die), entering Europe through the Spanish 'azar' and Old French 'hasard' as a game of dice. It eventually came to mean any risk or danger, reflecting the idea that life is a gamble.

Word relationships

  • peril: A more poetic or serious word for immediate and great danger.
  • jeopardy: Danger of loss, harm, or failure.
  • safety: The condition of being protected from or unlikely to cause danger, risk, or injury.
  • security: The state of being free from danger or threat.

Commonly confused with

  • risk: A hazard is the thing that can hurt you; risk is the chance that it actually will.

Word family

  • hazardous (adjective): Risky; dangerous.
  • hazardously (adverb): In a way that is dangerous.

Collocations

  • natural hazard
  • environmental hazard
  • occupational hazard
  • fire hazard

Idioms & expressions

  • at your own hazard

Example sentences

  • "The accumulation of dry brush in the canyon poses a significant fire hazard to the nearby homes." Public Safety
  • "Employers are required by law to identify and mitigate all workplace hazards." Occupational Health

Memory hook

Think of 'Haphazard': if something is done 'haphazardly', it's left to chance and is likely dangerous. A hazard is a roll of the dice with your safety.

When not to use

In golf, a 'hazard' is a specific obstacle; don't use it generally if you are writing about sports unless you mean that.

Fun facts

  • In the 14th century, 'Hazard' was a popular gambling game mentioned in Chaucer's 'Canterbury Tales'.
  • 'Hazard lights' on a car are used to warn others of a potential danger.
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