smog

SMOG /smɒɡ/
nounB1IELTSTOEFLSAT
GeneralJournalistic

Fog or haze intensified by smoke or other atmospheric pollutants.

Usually refers to the visible, brownish-grey haze over cities, often caused by vehicle exhaust and industrial emissions.

The story behind the word. Coined in 1905 by Dr. Henry Antoine Des Voeux in a paper for the Public Health Congress to describe the soot-filled fog of London.

Word relationships

  • haze: Haze can be natural (dust/salt), while smog is specifically pollution-based.
  • clarity: The state of being clear and free from obscuring matter.

Commonly confused with

  • fog: Fog is water vapor; smog is smoke plus fog.

Word family

  • smoggy (adjective): Characterized by smog.

Collocations

  • thick smog
  • urban smog
  • photochemical smog

Example sentences

  • "The city was blanketed in a thick layer of smog that reduced visibility to a few hundred meters." News report on city conditions.
  • "The Great Smog of 1952 in London led to the first major clean air legislation." Historical reference to London.

Memory hook

SMoke + fOG = SMOG. Dirty fog.

When not to use

Do not use for natural mist or fog that contains no pollution.

Fun facts

  • There are two types: 'London smog' (sulfurous) and 'Los Angeles smog' (photochemical).

Related words

particulate, emission

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