poverty

PAH-ver-tee /ˈpɒvərti/
nounB1TOEFLIELTSSAT
FormalGeneral

The state of being extremely poor, or the condition of having little or no money, goods, or means of support.

A broad term for a general lack of material possessions or money, often implying a standard of living below what is considered adequate in a given society.

The story behind the word. The word 'poverty' comes from the Old French 'povreté,' which itself derived from the Latin 'paupertas.' This Latin root meant 'poorness' or 'neediness,' stemming from 'pauper,' meaning 'poor.' It has been in English since the 13th century, describing the general condition of lacking material wealth.

Word relationships

  • destitution: More extreme and absolute lack of necessities.
  • indigence: Similar to poverty, but often emphasizes a lack of means to subsist.
  • wealth: Abundance of valuable possessions or money.
  • affluence: The state of having a great deal of money; wealth.

Commonly confused with

  • hardship: Poverty is the state; hardship is the difficulty or suffering caused by that state.

Word family

  • poor (adjective): Lacking sufficient money to live at a standard considered comfortable or normal.
  • impoverish (verb): To make (a person or area) poor.

Collocations

  • extreme poverty
  • absolute poverty
  • relative poverty
  • child poverty
  • cycle of poverty
  • alleviate poverty
  • eradicate poverty

Idioms & expressions

  • poverty line
  • poverty trap

Example sentences

  • "The report highlighted that global poverty remains a significant challenge, with millions still lacking access to basic necessities." Discussing global economic challenges.
  • "The true measure of a society's progress is not its wealth, but how it treats those living in poverty." From a historical account of social conditions.

Memory hook

Think of 'POVer-ty' as 'POOR-very-tea' – having so little you can barely afford a cup of tea, let alone a proper meal. Poor-very-tea

When not to use

While 'poverty' is a general term, for describing extreme, absolute lack of necessities, more specific terms like 'destitution' or 'penury' might be more impactful.

Fun facts

  • The term 'poverty line' was first introduced in the late 19th century to define a minimum income necessary for survival.

Related words

indigence, hardship, deprived

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