obesity

o-BEE-sih-tee /oʊˈbiːsɪti/
nounB2IELTSTOEFL
MedicalGeneral

The condition of being grossly fat or overweight, specifically a medical condition where excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have an adverse effect on health.

Unlike 'overweight', which is a general term, obesity is a specific clinical diagnosis often determined by Body Mass Index (BMI) or body fat percentage.

The story behind the word. The word 'obesity' comes from the Latin 'obesus', which literally means 'having eaten oneself fat.' It combines 'ob' (over or away) with 'edere' (to eat), the same root that gives us 'edible.' Historically, it was often used to describe someone who appeared well-fed, which was once a sign of wealth.

Word relationships

  • adiposity: A more technical, physiological term for having a high amount of fatty tissue.
  • corpulence: A more formal, slightly dated term for bulkiness of body.
  • emaciation: The state of being abnormally thin or weak, usually due to illness or lack of food.

Commonly confused with

  • overweight: Overweight means weighing more than is normal for one's height, while obesity specifically refers to excess body fat.

Word family

  • obese (adjective): Affected by obesity.

Collocations

  • childhood obesity
  • morbid obesity
  • obesity epidemic
  • tackle obesity

Example sentences

  • "Obesity is a complex disease involving an excessive amount of body fat." A formal report on global health trends. (Mayo Clinic)
  • "The rising rates of childhood obesity have prompted new regulations on school lunches." Discussing the economic impact of health.

Memory hook

Think of 'OB' as 'Over-Board' and 'ESITY' as 'Eating City'—eating so much you've gone over the limit for a whole city. Obesity: Over-Eating to a clinical degree.

When not to use

Avoid using it as a casual insult; it is a clinical term for a complex health condition.

Fun facts

  • In the 18th century, obesity was sometimes viewed as a sign of prosperity and health before its medical risks were understood.

Related words

adipose, caloric, metabolic

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