euthanasia

yoo-thuh-NAY-zhuh /ˌjuːθəˈneɪʒə/
nounC1IELTSTOEFL
medicallegalethical

The painless killing of a patient suffering from an incurable and painful disease or in an irreversible coma.

Distinguished into 'active' (giving a lethal injection) and 'passive' (withholding life-sustaining treatment).

The story behind the word. In ancient Greece, 'euthanasia' simply meant a 'good' or 'easy' death—one without long suffering. It wasn't until the 19th century that it began to refer specifically to the medical act of ending a life to end suffering.

Word relationships

  • assisted dying: Assisted dying often refers specifically to a patient self-administering medication provided by a doctor, while euthanasia can involve the doctor administering it.

Commonly confused with

  • palliative care: Palliative care focuses on relieving pain and symptoms without intentionally ending life; euthanasia intentionally ends life to relieve pain.

Word family

  • euthanize (verb): To subject to euthanasia.

Collocations

  • voluntary euthanasia
  • active euthanasia
  • passive euthanasia

Idioms & expressions

  • mercy killing

Example sentences

  • "The country's high court is currently debating whether to legalize voluntary euthanasia for terminally ill patients." Legal debate.
  • "Some countries permit euthanasia only under strict conditions requiring approval from multiple independent physicians." Historical medical ethics.

Memory hook

Eu (Good) + Thanatos (Death, like Thanos from Marvel). A 'good' death. A good death.

When not to use

Avoid using it for animals in a professional medical context unless specifically discussing veterinary ethics; 'putting down' or 'euthanizing' is common for pets, but the ethical debate of 'euthanasia' usually refers to humans.

Fun facts

  • The Greek god Thanatos was the personification of death, but he was often depicted as a peaceful, winged youth, unlike the modern 'Grim Reaper'.

Related words

autonomy, dilemma

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