paternalism

puh-TUR-nuh-liz-um /pəˈtɜːrnəlɪzəm/
nounC1GRESAT
academicpoliticalmedical

The policy or practice of people in positions of authority of restricting the freedom and responsibilities of subordinates or patients in their supposed best interest.

In medicine, 'weak paternalism' might involve overriding a patient's choice if they are incapacitated, while 'strong paternalism' involves overriding a competent patient's choice.

The story behind the word. From the Latin 'paternus' (fatherly). It describes a relationship modeled on the traditional, hierarchical role of a father who knows what is best for his children and makes decisions for them accordingly.

Word relationships

  • authoritarianism: Authoritarianism is about control for the sake of power; paternalism is control for the sake of the 'victim's' own good.
  • autonomy: Autonomy is the right to make one's own choices, the opposite of having choices made for you.

Commonly confused with

  • patronage: Patronage is support or financial aid; paternalism is restrictive guidance.

Word family

  • paternalistic (adjective): Relating to or characterized by the exercise of paternalism.

Collocations

  • medical paternalism
  • state paternalism
  • soft paternalism

Example sentences

  • "The shift toward patient-centered care has largely replaced the medical paternalism of the past, where doctors made all the decisions." Critique of old-fashioned medicine.
  • "Paternalism consists in the use of coercion to achieve a good which is not recognized as such by those who are coerced." Political philosophy.

Memory hook

Pater (Father) + ism. Treating someone like a child who needs a father to decide for them. Father knows best.

When not to use

Don't use it to describe actual parenting; it's a metaphor for authority figures acting like parents.

Fun facts

  • The term 'paternalism' first appeared in the late 19th century to describe the way factory owners managed the personal lives of their workers.

Related words

autonomy, beneficence

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