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Consumerism

kuhn-SOO-mer-iz-um /kənˈsuːmərɪzəm/

nounC1GRETOEFLIELTS

formalacademic

The protection or promotion of the interests of consumers; OR the preoccupation of society with the acquisition of consumer goods.

This word has two distinct meanings: one positive (consumer protection) and one often negative (excessive materialism). Context is key to understanding which meaning is intended.

The story behind the word. The word 'consumerism' combines 'consumer' (from Latin 'sumere' meaning 'to take up') with the suffix '-ism,' which denotes a doctrine, practice, or system. It emerged in the early 20th century, initially referring to the movement protecting consumers' rights. Later, especially after World War II, it developed its more common, often critical, meaning of a societal emphasis on acquiring goods.

Word relationships

Materialism: Focus on material possessions and comforts as opposed to spiritual or intellectual values.
Acquisitiveness: Strong desire to acquire and possess things.

Frugality: The quality of being economical with money or food; thriftiness.
Minimalism: A lifestyle that promotes living with less.

Word family

consumerist (adjective): Relating to or characterized by consumerism.

Collocations

rampant consumerism
excessive consumerism
global consumerism
anti-consumerism
consumerism culture

Example sentences

"Critics argue that modern advertising fuels consumerism, encouraging people to buy more than they truly need." An economics essay.
"The rise of consumerism in developing nations presents both economic opportunities and environmental challenges." A public policy discussion.
"Ralph Nader was a prominent figure in the consumerism movement, advocating for product safety and fair business practices." A historical analysis.

Memory hook

Con-SUMER-ism: Think of 'SUMER' (consumer) and the 'ISM' (belief system) that makes them want to 'SUME' (consume) everything. Excessive consumption culture.

When not to use

Be careful to clarify which meaning of 'consumerism' you intend, as the two are almost opposite in connotation.

Fun facts

The 'consumer protection' meaning of consumerism is often associated with movements like those led by Ralph Nader in the mid-20th century.
The 'preoccupation with acquisition' meaning is often used in critical discussions of modern capitalist societies.

Related words

Consumer, Manipulation

Explore more words

overconsumption, consumption, capitalism, dematerialization, utility

Also appears in

Economic Theory & Analysis → Consumerism & Materialism