Perpetrator

PUR-puh-tray-tur /ˈpɜːrpətreɪtər/
nounC1GRETOEFLIELTS
formallegaljournalistic

A person who carries out a harmful, illegal, or immoral act.

This term specifically refers to the person who commits the act, emphasizing their direct involvement. It is often used in legal and journalistic contexts when discussing crimes or atrocities.

The story behind the word. The word 'perpetrator' comes from the Latin verb perpetrare, meaning 'to perform, accomplish, carry out'. It combines 'per-' (meaning 'through, thoroughly') and 'patrare' (meaning 'to bring about, accomplish'). So, a perpetrator is someone who 'thoroughly carries out' an act, often with the implication of wrongdoing, which became its primary meaning in English by the 17th century.

Word relationships

  • offender: More general, can refer to anyone who commits an offense, often less severe than acts by a 'perpetrator'.
  • culprit: Often used for someone who has done something wrong, but sometimes implies a less serious act or a more informal context.
  • felon: Specifically refers to someone convicted of a felony (a serious crime).
  • victim: The person who suffers from the harmful act.
  • bystander: Someone present but not involved in the act.

Word family

  • perpetrate (verb): to carry out or commit (a harmful, illegal, or immoral action).
  • perpetration (noun): the act of perpetrating something.

Collocations

  • identify the perpetrator
  • apprehend the perpetrator
  • unknown perpetrator
  • main perpetrator

Example sentences

  • "Authorities are still searching for the `Perpetrator` of the bombing." The police launched an investigation to find the person responsible.
  • "The international `Tribunal` sought to bring every `Perpetrator` of the genocide to justice." In cases of war crimes, identifying those responsible is crucial for justice.
  • "The victim was unable to identify the `Perpetrator` in the lineup." Witnesses often provide descriptions to help identify the individual.

Memory hook

A `Perpetrator` is the 'PERson who PERformed the act'. Performs the act

When not to use

Avoid using 'perpetrator' for minor or accidental actions. It is reserved for serious, often intentional, harmful acts.

Fun facts

  • In legal contexts, identifying the perpetrator is a fundamental step in establishing criminal liability.
  • The term is often used in human rights reports to assign responsibility for abuses.
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