Indictment
in-DYT-muhnt
/ɪnˈdaɪtmənt/
A formal accusation by a grand jury that there is enough evidence for a criminal trial.
An indictment is a crucial step in the legal process, signifying that formal charges have been brought. It is not a conviction, but a formal declaration that a trial is warranted.
The story behind the word. The word 'indictment' comes from the Old French 'enditer', meaning 'to write down, accuse'. This, in turn, is derived from the Latin 'indicere', meaning 'to proclaim, declare, impose'. So, an 'indictment' is a formal 'declaration' or 'proclamation' of charges. The 'c' in the Latin root became a 't' in English, but the core idea of a formal declaration of wrongdoing remains.
Word relationships
- accusation: More general; an 'indictment' is a formal, legal accusation.
- charge: Can be used more broadly (e.g., 'to charge someone with a crime'), but 'indictment' specifically refers to the formal document from a grand jury.
- acquittal: A judgment that a person is not guilty of the crime with which they have been charged.
- exoneration: The action of officially absolving someone from blame; vindication.
Word family
- indict (verb): to formally accuse or charge with a serious crime.
Collocations
- issue an indictment
- hand down an indictment
- seek an indictment
- federal indictment
Example sentences
- "The grand jury handed down an `Indictment` against the former official for corruption." After reviewing the evidence, the grand jury decided to proceed with charges.
- "The International Criminal Court issued an `Indictment` for war crimes against the former president." International courts also issue formal charges against alleged perpetrators.
- "The `Indictment` of the police officers sparked protests across the city." The public reaction to the formal charges can be significant.
Memory hook
An `Indictment` is a legal document that 'IN-DICates' (declares) charges against someone. Declare charges
When not to use
Do not use 'indictment' for a general criticism or complaint. It is a specific legal term for a formal criminal charge.
Fun facts
- In the United States, a grand jury is typically responsible for issuing indictments in federal criminal cases.
- The Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution states that no person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury.
Related words
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