invertebrate

in-VER-tuh-brayt /ɪnˈvɜːr.tɪ.brət/
nounadjectiveB2IELTSTOEFLGRE
academic

An animal lacking a backbone or spinal column, such as an insect, mollusk, crustacean, or worm.

Covers over 95 percent of animal life, characterized by the absence of a internal spinal column.

The story behind the word. Coined by French biologist Jean-Baptiste Lamarck in the early 1800s by adding the negative prefix 'in-' (not) to 'vertebratus'. Lamarck realized that creatures without backbones were vastly diverse and deserved their own broad division.

Word relationships

  • vertebrate: Vertebrates possess backbones, whereas invertebrates do not.

Commonly confused with

  • vertebrate: Vertebrates have a backbone; invertebrates lack one.

Collocations

  • marine invertebrate
  • invertebrate fauna
  • invertebrate species
  • benthic invertebrate

Example sentences

  • "The coral reef is home to thousands of soft-bodied invertebrate species such as sea anemones and squids." Marine biology
  • "Insects represent the most abundant type of invertebrate found across terrestrial ecosystems." Entomology

Memory hook

IN- means NOT; INvertebrates have NO backbone. In- (no) + vertebrate (backbone).

When not to use

Do not apply to mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, or fish.

Fun facts

  • The giant squid is the world's largest invertebrate, reaching lengths of up to 40 feet!

Related words

vertebrate, species

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