drought

DROWT /draʊt/
nounB2TOEFLIELTSSAT
neutraljournalistic

A prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall, leading to a shortage of water.

Refers to extended moisture deficits affecting agriculture, reservoirs, and climate.

The story behind the word. From Old English drugoþ, derived from Proto-Germanic root drugis meaning 'dry'. It shares direct ancestry with the word 'dry', reflecting ancient anxiety over crop failure due to lack of rain.

Word relationships

  • dry spell: A dry spell implies a shorter, less catastrophic period of dry weather than a drought.
  • aridity: Aridity describes a permanent climate characteristic, whereas a drought is a temporary anomaly.
  • deluge: A severe flood or torrential downpour of water.

Commonly confused with

  • draft: Draft refers to air currents, military consignment, or preliminary writing, pronounced the same in British English.

Word family

  • droughty (adjective): Characterized by dry weather.

Collocations

  • severe drought
  • prolonged drought
  • drought conditions
  • drought relief

Idioms & expressions

  • drought of ideas

Example sentences

  • "The multi-year drought dried up local reservoirs and forced farmers to fallow thousands of acres." Agricultural report
  • "The basketball team finally broke their scoring drought with a three-pointer late in the quarter." Sports commentary metaphor

Memory hook

DROUGHT has DRY right in its meaning: D-R-O-U-G-H-T = Dry Out Under Ghastly Heat Today. Prolonged dry period.

When not to use

Do not use for brief dry spells lasting only a few sunny days.

Fun facts

  • The longest recorded drought in history occurred in the Atacama Desert in Chile, lasting 400 years.
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