deplete

dih-PLEET /dɪˈpliːt/
verbB2GRETOEFLIELTSSAT
academicformal

To diminish or empty the supply, quantity, or number of something.

Implies a progressive reduction until little or nothing remains.

The story behind the word. In ancient Rome, 'plere' meant to fill (the source of 'plenty'). Adding the reversal prefix 'de-' yielded 'deplere', literally 'to un-fill' or empty a bucket. Over centuries, English adopted the term to describe the gradual drawing down of stockpiles, aquifers, and energy.

Word relationships

  • drain: Drain emphasizes the outward flow of a liquid or energy, whereas deplete emphasizes the resulting emptiness.
  • exhaust: Exhaust implies total consumption leaving zero remainder, while deplete describes the process of running down.
  • replenish: Replenish means to build back up or make full again.
  • restore: Restore means to return something to its original healthy condition.

Commonly confused with

  • deplore: Deplore means to express strong disapproval or grief, whereas deplete means to reduce a quantity.

Word family

  • depletion (noun): The act or state of emptying out resources.
  • depleted (adjective): Severely reduced in quantity or strength.

Collocations

  • deplete resources
  • deplete reserves
  • deplete soil nutrients
  • rapidly deplete

Example sentences

  • "Prolonged droughts continue to deplete the regional groundwater supply." Environmental science
  • "Intense farming methods threaten to deplete the natural fertility of the soil." Historical literature

Memory hook

Think of 'de-pleat': un-folding a pleated bag until everything inside falls out and leaves it empty. De-plete = De-fill.

When not to use

Do not use for sudden destruction; it refers to a gradual emptying process.

Fun facts

  • 'Depleted uranium' is a real byproduct of nuclear enrichment, named because its key radioactive isotope has been drawn down.
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