deontology
dee-on-TOL-uh-jee
/ˌdiːɒnˈtɒlədʒi/
An ethical theory asserting that actions are inherently right or wrong based on rules and duties, regardless of outcomes.
Focuses strictly on moral duty, rights, and rules rather than consequences.
The story behind the word. Jeremy Bentham coined 'deontology' in the early 19th century from the Greek 'deon' (that which is binding or necessary) and 'logos'. It was later adopted in academic ethics to categorize duty-based frameworks like that of Immanuel Kant.
Word relationships
- duty-based ethics: Duty-based ethics is an informal plain-English equivalent for deontology.
- consequentialism: Consequentialism judges actions by outcomes rather than strict duties or rules.
Commonly confused with
- ontology: Ontology is the branch of metaphysics studying the nature of being, whereas deontology studies moral duty.
Word family
- deontological (adjective): Relating to moral duty or obligation
- deontologist (noun): A philosopher or practitioner who adheres to deontology
Collocations
- Kantian deontology
- deontology ethicist
- principles of deontology
Example sentences
- "Kantian deontology insists that telling a lie is inherently wrong, even if lying would save a friend from harm." Philosophical analysis of Kant
- "Medical ethics often balances deontology—respecting patient autonomy as an absolute duty—against utilitarian concerns for public safety." Bioethics debate
Memory hook
DEON sounds like 'DO ON' duty: doing what you must because it is your binding duty. Duty before consequences.
When not to use
Do not confuse with theology (study of religion) or ontology (study of existence).
Fun facts
- Immanuel Kant never actually used the word 'deontology' himself; English commentators retroactively assigned the term to his duty-centered philosophy.
Related words
Explore more words
duty, observance, principled, propriety, ethical, utilitarian
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