impetus

IM-puh-tuss /ˈɪm.pɪ.təs/
nounC1GRESATCATTOEFL
academicformal

The force or energy with which a body moves; a driving force or impulse that causes action.

Emphasizes momentum, push, or the catalyst that accelerates an ongoing or new initiative.

The story behind the word. Latin 'impetus' combined 'in-' (into) and 'petere' (to rush at or aim for). It originally meant a physical assault or charging forward in battle, before evolving to describe any force that drives an event forward.

Word relationships

  • catalyst: A catalyst starts a reaction without being consumed, while impetus is the momentum pushing it forward.
  • momentum: Momentum is sustained movement, whereas impetus includes the initial striking force.
  • impediment: An impediment blocks or slows progress.
  • stagnation: Stagnation is a state of standing still without energy.

Commonly confused with

  • impulse: Impulse is a sudden unreflective desire, whereas impetus is a driving momentum behind progress.

Word family

  • impetuous (adjective): Acting quickly without thought (historical derivative).

Collocations

  • gain impetus
  • give impetus to
  • main impetus
  • fresh impetus

Example sentences

  • "The invention of the printing press gave fresh impetus to the spread of scientific ideas across Europe." Historical analysis
  • "The environmental crisis provided the impetus needed for reform." Policy development

Memory hook

IMPETUS = IMPETus gives PETROL (fuel) to your movement. Driving energy.

When not to use

Do not use for static plans or long-term personal values; impetus implies dynamic motion or shock.

Fun facts

  • Physics once used 'impetus' as a technical term for momentum before Isaac Newton formalized modern mechanics terms.

Related words

propel, stimulus, drive

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