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autonomy

aw-TON-uh-mee /ɔːˈtɒn.ə.mi/

nounC1GRESATTOEFLIELTSUPSC

academicpoliticalpsychology

The right or condition of self-government; independence and freedom to make one's own decisions.

Focuses on self-determination, freedom from external control, and self-governing authority.

The story behind the word. Ancient Greeks coined 'autonomia' from 'autos' (self) and 'nomos' (law). A city-state that made its own laws was autonomous. Modern psychology adopted it to describe individuals who live according to self-chosen principles.

Word relationships

sovereignty: Sovereignty usually applies to supreme national political power.
independence: Independence is broader, while autonomy emphasizes governing one's own rules and choices.

dependence: Dependence is reliance on external support or control.
subjugation: Subjugation means being brought under complete force or dominion.

Commonly confused with

anatomy: Anatomy refers to bodily structure, while autonomy refers to self-rule.

Word family

autonomous (adjective): Self-governing or acting independently.
autonomously (adverb): In an independent manner.

Collocations

grant autonomy
personal autonomy
greater autonomy
autonomy over

Example sentences

"Employees exhibit higher job satisfaction when granted autonomy over their schedules and work methods." Organizational psychology
"The region demanded greater regional autonomy from the central government." Political theory

Memory hook

AUTONOMY = AUTO (self) + NOM (law) = self-made law. Self-governing law.

When not to use

Do not confuse with isolation; autonomy is about self-direction, not necessarily living completely alone.

Fun facts

In self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan), autonomy is identified as one of three basic psychological needs vital for well-being.