desensitization

dee-sen-sih-tih-ZAY-shuhn /diːˌsen.sə.t̬əˈzeɪ.ʃən/
nounC2GRETOEFL
academicclinical

The process of reducing sensitivity or emotional responsiveness to a traumatic or anxiety-provoking stimulus.

Can refer to a positive therapeutic process or a problematic emotional numbing from overexposure.

The story behind the word. Built from Latin 'de-' (reversal) attached to 'sensus' (feeling). In the mid-20th century, behavioral psychologists used it to name methods designed to unlearn intense fear responses.

Word relationships

  • habituation: Habituation is natural decrease in physical response; desensitization is a broader reduction in emotional reactivity.
  • numbing: Numbing implies total lack of feeling; desensitization implies managed reduction in distress.
  • sensitization: An increase in emotional or physical sensitivity over time.

Commonly confused with

  • indifference: Indifference is a lack of care or interest; desensitization is reduced emotional reactivity due to repeated exposure.

Word family

  • desensitize (verb): To make less sensitive to psychological or physical stimuli.
  • sensitivate (verb): To make sensitive or responsive.

Collocations

  • systematic desensitization
  • emotional desensitization
  • desensitization therapy
  • gradual desensitization

Example sentences

  • "Systematic desensitization helps patients gradually face their fears without overwhelming anxiety." Psychotherapy

Memory hook

DE-SENSITIZATION = DE-creasing SENSITIVITY step by step. Lowering emotional reactivity.

When not to use

Do not use for general laziness or physical numbness caused by cold weather.

Fun facts

  • Joseph Wolpe developed systematic desensitization in the 1950s, revolutionizing how phobias are treated.
LangBlitz
Take your vocabulary further with LangBlitz

Our English vocabulary app: FSRS spaced repetition, 5,000+ curated words across 119 topic groups, CEFR A1 to C2. Explore your mastery with the beautiful Vocabulary World feature.