subordinate

suh-BOR-din-it /səˈbɔːrdɪnət/
nounadjectiveverbB2GRETOEFLIELTSSAT
FormalAcademicBusiness

Lower in rank, power, or position (adjective); a person under the authority or control of another (noun); to treat as less important (verb).

As a noun/adjective (pronounced suh-BOR-din-it), it refers to administrative status. As a verb (pronounced suh-BOR-din-ayt), it means placing something in a secondary role.

The story behind the word. Constructed from Latin 'sub' (beneath) and 'ordo' (row or military rank), originally referring to soldiers arranged in rear rows behind commanders. By the 16th century, it expanded into administrative language to designate any person, clause, or concept positioned in a lower rank of authority.

Word relationships

  • underling: 'Underling' carries a dismissive, disrespectful tone, whereas 'subordinate' is neutral and professional.
  • inferior: 'Inferior' implies lower intrinsic quality or worth, whereas 'subordinate' strictly denotes lower rank in a hierarchy.
  • superior: 'Superior' refers to a person of higher rank, status, or authority.
  • supervisor: 'Supervisor' is the official manager overseeing subordinates.

Commonly confused with

  • insubordinate: 'Insubordinate' is an adjective meaning disobedient to authority; 'subordinate' means occupying a lower rank.

Word family

  • subordination (noun): The state of being in a lower rank or under authority.
  • insubordination (noun): Refusal to obey orders or authority.

Collocations

  • subordinate staff
  • subordinate role
  • direct subordinate
  • subordinate interests

Idioms & expressions

  • play second fiddle
  • under one's thumb

Example sentences

  • "A good manager listens to constructive feedback from every subordinate rather than giving autocratic commands." Administrative hierarchy management
  • "The CEO chose to subordinate short-term quarterly profits to long-term research and expansion." Strategic corporate planning

Memory hook

Subordinate stays SUB (under) the ORDINARY order of command. Placed in a lower rank or under authority.

When not to use

Do not use subordinate as a derogatory slur; it is an objective administrative term describing organizational rank.

Fun facts

  • In English grammar, a 'subordinate clause' cannot stand alone as a complete sentence because its meaning depends on the main clause.
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