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Analysis

uh-NAL-uh-sis /əˈnæləsɪs/

nounB2GRESATTOEFLIELTS

FormalTechnical

Detailed examination of the elements or structure of something, typically as a basis for discussion or interpretation.

Analysis involves breaking down a complex subject into smaller parts to understand its nature, function, or interrelationships. It's a process, not just a result.

The story behind the word. The word 'analysis' comes from the Greek 'analyein', meaning 'to unloose' or 'to unbind'. It's formed from 'ana-' (up, throughout) and 'lysis' (a loosening). So, when you perform an analysis, you are literally 'loosening up' a complex subject, breaking it down into its constituent parts to understand it better. It entered English in the 16th century.

Word relationships

Examination: General term for looking closely; 'analysis' implies breaking down into parts.
Investigation: Often implies a search for facts or truth, especially in a legal or problem-solving context.
Scrutiny: Close, careful observation or examination.

Synthesis: The combination of components or elements to form a connected whole (opposite of breaking down).
Overview: A general review or summary, lacking detailed examination.

Commonly confused with

Analytics: 'Analysis' is the process of breaking down data. 'Analytics' is the broader field or science of using data analysis to gain insights, often involving computational methods.

Word family

analyze (verb): to examine methodically and in detail the constitution or structure of (something, especially information), typically for purposes of explanation and interpretation.
analyst (noun): a person who conducts analysis.
analytic (adjective): relating to or using analysis or logic.

Collocations

data analysis
statistical analysis
in-depth analysis
perform an analysis
critical analysis

Idioms & expressions

under analysis

Example sentences

"The chemical analysis of the sample revealed traces of rare earth elements." In a scientific paper.
"Our market analysis suggests that there is a strong demand for eco-friendly products." From a business meeting.
"Her insightful analysis of the novel's themes provided a fresh perspective." In a literary critique.

Memory hook

Think of 'ANALYSIS' as 'ANd ALL of us SIs' (sisters) breaking down a big problem into small pieces to solve it. Break down to understand

When not to use

Do not use 'analysis' when you simply mean 'opinion' or 'summary' without a detailed examination of components.

Fun facts

The term 'analysis' is fundamental across many disciplines, from chemistry (chemical analysis) to psychology (psychoanalysis) and mathematics (mathematical analysis).
The opposite process, 'synthesis', also comes from Greek, meaning 'to put together'.