disruption

dis-RUP-shuhn /dɪsˈrʌpʃən/
nounB2IELTSTOEFL
neutral

Disturbance or problems which interrupt an event, activity, or process.

Implies a sense of disorder, chaos, or a negative impact on a system.

The story behind the word. Literally 'to break apart.' It suggests that the continuity wasn't just stopped, but shattered into pieces.

Word relationships

  • disturbance: 'Disturbance' is more about noise or physical movement; 'disruption' is about the breaking of a process.
  • order: 'Order' is the state where everything follows a planned sequence.

Commonly confused with

  • interruption: An 'interruption' is a simple stop; a 'disruption' is a stop that causes a mess or requires reorganization.

Word family

  • disrupt (verb): To cause disorder.
  • disruptive (adjective): Causing trouble or interruption.

Collocations

  • major disruption
  • cause disruption
  • minimal disruption

Example sentences

  • "The heavy snowfall caused major disruption to the rail network across the country." Travel delays.
  • "The new technology caused a massive disruption in the traditional taxi industry." Business innovation.

Memory hook

Think of a 'rupture' (break) that 'dis' (distances) things from their normal place. Shattering the schedule.

When not to use

Do not use for a quiet, peaceful pause; use 'interlude'.

Fun facts

  • In modern business, 'disruptive innovation' is a positive term for a product that creates a new market and displaces established competitors.

Related words

interrupt, breach

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