excavate

EK-skuh-vayt /ˈek.skə.veɪt/
verbB2TOEFLIELTSGRE
ScientificAcademic

To make a hole or channel by digging; to carefully remove earth from an area in order to find buried remains.

Implies a systematic, careful process, especially in archaeology.

The story behind the word. The word literally means 'to make a hollow out of something.' It shares a root with 'cave' and 'cavity'.

Word relationships

  • unearth: Unearth is more general and can be used for secrets; excavate is specifically about digging.
  • dig up: Dig up is the informal version of excavate.
  • bury: To put something under the ground.
  • fill: To put dirt back into a hole.

Commonly confused with

  • exhume: Exhume is specifically for digging up a body.

Word family

  • excavation (noun): The action of excavating.
  • excavator (noun): A person or machine that excavates.

Collocations

  • excavate a site
  • excavate ruins
  • carefully excavate
  • excavate for a basement

Example sentences

  • "Archaeologists began to excavate the site in hopes of finding the lost city's foundations." Archaeology.
  • "The construction crew had to excavate a deep trench for the new sewer pipes." Construction.

Memory hook

You make a 'Cave' when you 'Ex-cavate'. Digging out the past.

When not to use

Don't use for a dog digging a hole for a bone; use it for professional or large-scale digging.

Fun facts

  • The largest man-made excavation in the world is the Bingham Canyon Mine in Utah, which is over 0.75 miles deep.

Related words

artifact, terrain

Explore more words

cultivate, remediate, carve, excise, probe, evacuate

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