bottleneck

BOT-ul-nek /ˈbɒtəlnɛk/
nounC1GMATCATGRE
BusinessEngineering

A point of congestion in a system that stops or slows down the entire process.

It implies that the capacity of the entire system is limited by this one specific point.

The story behind the word. A literal metaphor. No matter how wide the body of a bottle is, the liquid can only pour out as fast as the narrow neck allows.

Word relationships

  • choke point: A choke point is often a geographical or strategic narrowing; a bottleneck is a functional narrowing in a process.
  • catalyst: Something that speeds up a process rather than slowing it down.

Commonly confused with

  • deadlock: A deadlock is a total stop where two things block each other; a bottleneck is just a slowing down of flow.

Collocations

  • production bottleneck
  • bottleneck effect
  • eliminate the bottleneck

Example sentences

  • "The packaging machine is the bottleneck in our production line; we can't make products faster than it can box them." Manufacturing
  • "In any system, there is always one bottleneck that limits the total throughput." Management Theory

Memory hook

Picture a wide bottle of soda being poured out—the narrow neck is what controls the speed. The narrow part that slows everything.

When not to use

Don't use it for a general delay; use it when one specific stage is slower than all the others.

Fun facts

  • In biology, a 'population bottleneck' occurs when a species' numbers are drastically reduced, limiting genetic diversity.

Related words

throughput, lead time

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