rebuke

rih-BYOOK /rɪˈbjuːk/
verbnounC1GRESATACTTOEFL
formalliterary

To express sharp disapproval or criticism of someone because of their behavior or actions.

A rebuke is a sharp, sudden, and authoritative slap on the wrist. It is designed to stop a bad behavior immediately and is often delivered by someone in a position of power.

The story behind the word. Rebuke comes from the Old French 'rebuchier', which literally meant 'to beat back' or 'to repulse'. It is a compound of 're-' (back) and 'buchier' (to strike or cut down wood, from 'buche' meaning a log). Originally, to rebuke someone was to physically chop them down or push them back.

Word relationships

  • reprimand: Reprimand is highly formal and often written, whereas a rebuke is usually spoken, immediate, and sharp.
  • reprove: Reprove is gentler and more educational, while rebuke is sharper and more direct.
  • praise: Praise is to express approval, while a rebuke is a sharp, immediate expression of disapproval.

Commonly confused with

  • chide: Chide is a soft, gentle, and playful scolding, while rebuke is a sharp, serious, and authoritative correction.

Word family

  • rebukingly (adverb): In a sharp, disapproving manner.

Collocations

  • sharp rebuke
  • stern rebuke
  • rebuke the claims

Example sentences

  • "The chairperson had to rebuke the board member for interrupting the guest speaker." A professional correction in a meeting.
  • "In the biblical narrative, the teacher turned to rebuke the storm, commanding the winds to be still." A historical religious context.

Memory hook

Think of a 're-buke' as a 're-boot' for someone's bad behavior. You are hitting the button to shut them down immediately. Beat back bad behavior with a rebuke.

When not to use

Do not use for long, drawn-out, emotional screaming matches; a rebuke is typically swift, sharp, and concise.

Fun facts

  • The French root 'buchier' (to cut wood) is also related to the word 'butcher'—the person who chops meat.

Related words

reprimand, admonish, chide

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