incentive

in-SEN-tiv /ɪnˈsɛn.tɪv/
nounB2GMATSATTOEFLIELTS
generalacademic

A factor, reward, or motive that encourages or drives an actor to perform a specific action.

Focuses on external forces or structural rules that shape behavior by altering expected outcomes.

The story behind the word. Traced back to Late Latin 'incensivus' (setting on fire) and 'incentivum' (that which sets the tune or incites). It evolved from musical or motivational incitement into modern economic theory regarding behavioral drivers.

Word relationships

  • inducement: 'Inducement' often implies persuasion or temptation offered for a specific transaction, while 'incentive' describes broad structural motivation.
  • stimulus: 'Stimulus' emphasizes provoking a temporary reaction, whereas 'incentive' shapes sustained behavioral choices.
  • disincentive: 'Disincentive' is a factor that deters or discourages a specific action.
  • deterrent: 'Deterrent' focuses specifically on preventing undesirable actions through negative consequences.

Commonly confused with

  • initiative: 'Initiative' is an introductory act or readiness to act, whereas 'incentive' is the motive or reward that drives action.

Word family

  • incentivize (verb): To provide an incentive for doing something.

Collocations

  • financial incentive
  • perverse incentive
  • strong incentive
  • create an incentive

Idioms & expressions

  • carrot and stick

Example sentences

  • "An incentive is a bullet, a lever, a key: an often tiny object with astonishing power to change a situation." Behavioral Economics
  • "The government offered a financial incentive to clean energy startups to accelerate green infrastructure development." Corporate Policy

Memory hook

INCENTIVES IN-CENT-ivize you to earn more CENTS (money). Sparks action through reward.

When not to use

Avoid confusing with internal feelings like 'passion' or 'desire'; an incentive is typically external or structural.

Fun facts

  • A 'perverse incentive' is an incentive that inadvertently yields unintended and undesirable results, such as the famous Cobra Effect.

Related words

payoff, deterrence

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