protein
PROH-teen
/ˈproʊˌtiːn/
Large molecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acids, essential for all living organisms.
While commonly associated with muscle, proteins also act as enzymes, hormones, and antibodies.
The story behind the word. Coined in 1838 by Dutch chemist Gerardus Johannes Mulder, from the Greek 'proteios', meaning 'primary' or 'of first importance'. Scientists at the time believed it was the most important substance in all living things.
Word relationships
- polypeptide: A polypeptide is a technical term for the chain of amino acids before it folds into a functional protein.
Word family
- proteinaceous (adjective): Consisting of or containing protein.
Collocations
- lean protein
- protein synthesis
- high-protein diet
Example sentences
- "Eating enough protein is crucial for repairing tissues after a strenuous workout." Health and fitness
- "The protein is the very substance of life." Classic science writing
Memory hook
Pro-tein: The 'Pro' (primary) nutrient. The primary builder.
When not to use
In a culinary context, 'protein' often just means 'meat', but in science, it refers to the specific molecule.
Fun facts
- The silk in a spider's web is actually a highly specialized form of protein.
Related words
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