screening
SKREE-ning
/ˈskriː.nɪŋ/
The testing of a person or group for the presence of a disease or other condition, especially when no symptoms are present.
Screening is proactive and preventative, whereas diagnostic testing is reactive.
The story behind the word. From the Middle English 'skrene', meaning a sieve or a shield. Just as a sieve separates fine flour from lumps, medical screening separates the healthy from those at risk.
Word relationships
- testing: Testing is a general term; screening is specific to asymptomatic populations.
- examination: Examination is often a physical check, while screening often involves a specific test.
Commonly confused with
- diagnosis: Screening finds potential issues in healthy people; diagnosis confirms issues in sick people.
Word family
- screen (verb): To test for a disease.
Collocations
- routine screening
- mass screening
- cancer screening
- screening test
Example sentences
- "Routine cancer screening can significantly improve survival rates through early detection." Public health
- "The airport implemented health screening for all passengers arriving from the affected region." News report
Memory hook
A screen door lets air in but keeps bugs out; medical screening 'catches' the bad stuff. Sifting for health.
When not to use
Don't use it for a deep, specific investigation; screening is usually a broad first step.
Fun facts
- The first mass screening was for tuberculosis using mobile X-ray vans.
Related words
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