endemic

en-DEM-ik /ɛnˈdɛmɪk/
adjectivenounC1GREGMATSAT
scientificacademic

Regularly found among particular people or in a certain area.

In epidemiology, it describes a disease that is constantly present at a baseline level in a population.

The story behind the word. Coming from the Greek 'endemos', it literally means 'dwelling in a people'. It was used by Hippocrates to distinguish between diseases that were always present in a community versus those that arrived from elsewhere.

Word relationships

  • prevalent: Prevalent means common, but endemic implies it is a permanent or characteristic feature of that place.
  • native: Native is used for species; endemic is used for diseases or social problems.
  • epidemic: An epidemic is a sudden increase, whereas endemic is a steady state.
  • exotic: Originating in a distant foreign country rather than being native or endemic.

Commonly confused with

  • pandemic: Endemic is 'always there in one place'; pandemic is 'everywhere right now'.

Collocations

  • endemic disease
  • endemic area
  • become endemic

Example sentences

  • "Malaria is endemic in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa, requiring constant prevention efforts." Global health.
  • "Corruption was endemic in the old administration, affecting every level of government." Social commentary.

Memory hook

EN-demic is IN the people. In the people.

When not to use

Do not use for a sudden spike in cases; that is an 'outbreak' or 'epidemic'.

Fun facts

  • The common cold is endemic worldwide; it never goes away, it just circulates constantly.

Related words

epidemiology, pandemic

LangBlitz
Take your vocabulary further with LangBlitz

Our English vocabulary app: FSRS spaced repetition, 5,000+ curated words across 119 topic groups, CEFR A1 to C2. Explore your mastery with the beautiful Vocabulary World feature.