prosecute

PROS-uh-kyoot /ˈprɑː.sə.kjuːt/
verbB2SATTOEFLIELTS
formallegal

To conduct legal proceedings against someone accused of a crime.

Prosecute implies pursuing legal action, typically by the government on behalf of the public.

The story behind the word. From Latin prosequi, where pro- means 'forward' and sequi means 'to follow'. To prosecute is literally to follow something through to its end in court.

Word relationships

  • try: Try focuses on conducting the trial itself in front of a judge or jury.
  • sue: Sue refers strictly to civil claims brought by private individuals.
  • defend: Defend means to protect or represent the party accused of wrongdoing.
  • pardon: Pardon means to forgive and release an offender from punishment.

Commonly confused with

  • persecute: Persecute means to oppress systematically; prosecute means to pursue legally.

Word family

  • prosecution (noun): The institution and conducting of legal proceedings.
  • prosecutor (noun): A lawyer who conducts the case against a defendant.

Collocations

  • prosecute a case
  • decline to prosecute
  • prosecute to the full extent

Example sentences

  • "The district attorney elected to prosecute the case vigorously." Courtroom Action
  • "Trespassers will be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law." Public Notice

Memory hook

PROSECUTE = PROs Pursue Criminal Suits To the End. Follow through in court to prosecute.

When not to use

Do not confuse with 'persecute', which means to harass or oppress.

Fun facts

  • In medieval Roman law, prosecution was literally conceived as 'following behind' a criminal until justice caught up.
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