Ransomware
RAN-sum-wair
/ˈrænsəmˌwɛər/
A type of malicious software designed to block access to a computer system or data until a sum of money is paid.
A specific type of malware characterized by its extortionist nature, holding data or systems hostage.
The story behind the word. Like 'malware,' 'ransomware' is a portmanteau, combining 'ransom' (a sum of money demanded for the release of a captive) and 'software.' The term accurately describes its function: malicious software that holds a user's data or system captive until a ransom is paid, a concept that gained prominence in the mid-2000s.
Word relationships
- Extortionware: A less common but descriptive synonym.
Commonly confused with
- Virus: A virus replicates and spreads; ransomware specifically encrypts data and demands payment, though it can be delivered via a virus.
Collocations
- ransomware attack
- ransomware infection
- pay ransomware
- prevent ransomware
Example sentences
- "A major hospital was forced to shut down its IT systems after a devastating ransomware attack encrypted patient records." A news report on cybercrime.
- "Regular data backups are crucial to mitigate the impact of a ransomware infection." Cybersecurity advice.
Memory hook
Think of 'RANSOM' (money for release) + 'WARE' (software) = software that demands ransom. Ransom-demanding software
When not to use
Only use for malware that demands payment for restoration of access or data; it's not a general term for all malware.
Fun facts
- Early forms of ransomware appeared in the late 1980s, but it became a widespread and significant threat with the rise of cryptocurrencies, which facilitate anonymous payments.
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