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virtue

VER-choo /ˈvɜːrtʃuː/

nounB2SATACTGRE

generalformal

Behavior showing high moral standards, or a particular good quality or habit.

In classical ethics, virtue (arete) is an active moral power or excellence that fulfills human potential, not mere passive innocence.

The story behind the word. In ancient Rome, 'virtus' derived from 'vir' (man) and initially meant the courageous traits of a warrior on the battlefield. Over time, under Greek philosophical influence, the meaning broadened from military valor to moral excellence in all spheres of character.

Word relationships

goodness: Goodness is a broad moral quality, whereas virtue often implies active moral strength and discipline.
integrity: Integrity emphasizes adherence to a strict moral code, while virtue encompasses specific moral qualities like courage or honesty.

vice: Vice refers to immoral or wicked behavior, the direct moral polar opposite of virtue.

Commonly confused with

virtual: Virtual means existing in essence or digitally, whereas virtue refers to moral excellence.

Word family

virtuous (adjective): Having or showing high moral standards.
virtuously (adverb): In a virtuous manner.

Collocations

cardinal virtue
by virtue of
make a virtue of necessity
personal virtue

Idioms & expressions

by virtue of
make a virtue out of necessity

Example sentences

"Virtue is excellence, moral or intellectual, and it requires practice just like any art." Historical philosophical literature
"He possessed every virtue except the inclination to practice them." Classical essay on morality

Memory hook

Think of VIR-tue as courage and power that makes you a morally strong PERSON (vir). Moral strength in action.

When not to use

Avoid confusing with 'virtuality' or digital constructs.

Fun facts

The Italian word 'virtù' was used by Machiavelli to mean cunning energy and mastery over fortune, distinct from religious morality.