motivation

moh-tuh-VAY-shuhn /ˌmoʊ.tɪˈveɪ.ʃən/
nounB1IELTSTOEFLGRESAT
generalprofessionalacademic

The internal or external force, drive, or desire that energizes, directs, and sustains behavior toward a goal.

Covers both intrinsic internal passion and extrinsic external rewards that move a person to act.

The story behind the word. From Latin 'movere' (to move), through 'motivus' (causing motion). The psychological sense of inner motives driving human action developed in late 19th-century philosophy and early 20th-century behaviorism.

Word relationships

  • drive: Drive emphasizes an urgent biological or psychological urge, whereas motivation includes structured goal-directed reason.
  • inspiration: Inspiration is a sudden creative spark; motivation is the sustained energy to execute tasks.
  • apathy: Lack of feeling, interest, or emotion toward goals.
  • indifference: Unconcerned tone or complete absence of preference.

Commonly confused with

  • ambition: Ambition is long-term desire for success or status; motivation is the active energy driving immediate behaviors.

Word family

  • motivate (verb): To provide someone with a reason to act in a certain way.
  • motivational (adjective): Intended to inspire enthusiasm or action.

Collocations

  • intrinsic motivation
  • extrinsic motivation
  • lack of motivation
  • maintain motivation

Idioms & expressions

  • fire in the belly
  • drive to succeed

Example sentences

  • "Understanding intrinsic motivation helps leaders design roles that provide personal purpose rather than relying solely on financial perks." Organizational Leadership
  • "Motivation is the psychological process that gives behavior purpose and direction." Psychological Foundation (Kreitner & Kinicki, Organizational Behavior (2001))

Memory hook

MOTIVATION MOVES you to action. The drive to act.

When not to use

Do not confuse with raw ability or skill; a capable worker may still lack motivation.

Fun facts

  • Psychologist Edward Deci demonstrated that adding external monetary rewards for creative tasks can actually decrease intrinsic motivation.

Related words

incentive, autonomy, morale

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